March 14, 2024
Motorcycle chain: a complete guide to structure and maintenance
Motorcycles, as a popular means of transportation, have gained increasing popularity among riders due to their flexibility, convenience, and efficient power transmission system. Among the three main types of power transmission systems for motorcycles (chain drive, belt drive, and shaft drive), chain drive is one of the most common methods.
Although the working principle of the motorcycle chain is relatively simple, their importance cannot be underestimated. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of motorcycle chain, including basic knowledge, classification, selection, maintenance, and care, to help riders better understand and utilize motorcycle chain.
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Basic knowledge of the motorcycle chain
Definition
As one of the motorcycle parts, a motorcycle chain is a circular transmission device formed by multiple chain links connected by pins. In the motorcycle power system, the motorcycle chain is responsible for transmitting the power generated by the engine to the rear wheel, thereby driving the motorcycle forward. Chain drive has become a common choice for motorcycle transmission systems due to its low power loss, simple structure, and moderate cost.
Basic structure
The basic structure of a motorcycle chain mainly includes inner links, outer links, pins, bushings, rollers, and seals. Each link is connected through a pin, and the flexibility and durability of the chain mainly rely on the high-precision matching of these components.
- Inner and outer links: Each link consists of one inner link and one outer link, which interlace to form a circular structure.
- Pins and bushings: The pin is a key component that connects the links, while the bushing is a part that twists between links, reducing friction and wear.
- Rollers: The roller engages with the gear to effectively transmit power to the rear wheel.
- Seals (if applicable): Seals are mainly used to protect the internal lubrication of the chain, preventing external dust and moisture from entering the chain and thus extending its lifespan.
Classification of motorcycle chains
Motorcycle chains can be divided into two main types based on their structure and usage characteristics: standard chains and sealed chains.
Standard chains
Standard chains are the most common type, suitable for most medium and small displacement motorcycles (about motorcycle displacement ) and bicycles. Their advantages include:
- Low cost: Standard chains have a wide selection and are relatively inexpensive, making them suitable for budget-conscious riders.
- Good Strength and Wear Resistance: They can meet most consumers’ daily riding needs under normal use conditions.
Sealed chains
Sealed chains, also known as racing chains, are a reinforced type designed to improve wear resistance and lifespan. Their main characteristics include:
- High wear resistance: The special sealed design effectively prevents mud and moisture from entering the chain, thereby extending its lifespan.
- Good lubrication performance: The internal seals are filled with lubricant, which helps maintain lubrication, reduce wear, and enhance efficiency.
- High load capacity: Sealed chains have a higher tensile strength, making them suitable for high power-output motorcycles.
Due to their excellent performance, sealed chains are more common on many high-end or racing motorcycles.
How to choose the right chain
When selecting a motorcycle chain, riders should consider the following factors:
Considering motorcycle chain's number of links
The “number of links” refers to how many chain links make up the chain, and different motorcycle models require chains of different lengths. To choose the appropriate number of links, pay attention to:
- User manual: Motorcycle manufacturers will recommend suitable link counts in the user manual or product documentation; riders should refer to these official resources.
- Compatibility testing: Ensure that the purchased chain’s length matches that of the original vehicle to avoid unnecessary troubles.
The standards size of motorcycle chain
Chains are usually marked with sizes like “520,” “525,” “530,” etc., representing the standard dimensions of the chains. For example, in 520, the “5” indicates the length between two pin axes, and the “20” indicates the inner width of the chain. Larger numbers indicate larger sizes and load capacities. Common chain sizes include:
- 428 and 520 models: Generally used for medium and small displacement motorcycles (get to know more about the top 10 small displacement motorcycles in the world), such as certain Honda ( one of the top 10 battery swapping companies in Thailand) and Kawasaki models.
- 525 model: Mostly used for medium to large displacement motorcycles.
- 530 model: Now less common.
Strength of motorcycle chains
The strength of a chain is an important indicator of its durability, typically expressed as “X times the strength,” indicating its load capacity compared to a standard chain.
For instance, a chain claiming to be seven times stronger than a regular chain should theoretically have a lifespan or load capacity seven times that of a regular chain. The strength multiplier is generally verified through specific tests, such as tensile testing and wear resistance assessments.
Brand and quality of chains
Choosing a chain from a reputable brand can ensure quality and performance. Common brands include RK, DID, EK, etc., and it is recommended that riders prioritize these when selecting. Some brands’ chains also come with specific strength codes, such as “HX,” “HO,” etc., so riders can choose based on their needs.
Maintenance and care of chains
The maintenance of chains is a crucial part of ensuring the normal operation of a motorcycle; good maintenance habits can effectively extend the lifespan of the chain and enhance the riding experience.
Importance of maintenance
The chain plays a vital role in power transmission. Compared to belts, chains have lower power loss, effectively maintaining engine power transmission. However, since chains are often exposed to the elements, they are susceptible to dust and moisture erosion. Therefore, regular maintenance not only prolongs their lifespan but also maintains power transmission efficiency.
Maintenance cycle time of motorcycle chain
- Initial maintenance: The first maintenance of the chain should occur after approximately 500 kilometers, using chain oil for lubrication.
- Subsequent maintenance: Perform a thorough cleaning and lubrication every 1000 kilometers, especially after long trips, rain, or if the chain emits unusual noises, requiring timely inspection and maintenance.
Methods to clean the chain
When cleaning the chain, care must be taken in selecting a cleaner to avoid damaging the seals. It is recommended to use brand-specific cleaners that offer rust protection and lubrication functions. Alternatively, a simple mixture of dish soap and hot water can suffice, and if conditions allow, using a chain brush or toothbrush for cleaning is advisable.
How to choose chain oil
Chain oils are mainly divided into three types: wet, dry, and wax-based. For most riders, dry or wax-based chain oils are more commonly used due to their good adhesion, making them suitable for routine maintenance. Residue built up on the chain should be regularly cleared to avoid impacting lubrication performance.
Installing and adjusting the chain
Most new motorcycle chains consist of 120 links and will require appropriate length adjustments based on the motorcycle model. After shortening the chain, ensure the tension is proper. Once installed, adjust the chain tension evenly on both sides, aligning the scale on both adjusters, and then secure the rear axle.
Conclusion
As an important component of the power transmission system, motorcycle chains significantly affect the motorcycle’s performance and safety. Understanding the basic knowledge of chains, selecting the appropriate type, and conducting proper maintenance will greatly enhance your riding enjoyment and safety.
FAQ
What to do if the chain makes unusual noises?
Unusual noises from the chain are usually due to insufficient lubrication, chain slack, or severe wear. First, check whether the chain needs lubrication, then adjust the chain tension. If the chain is severely worn, it is advisable to promptly replace it to ensure riding safety and transmission efficiency.
How to determine if the chain needs replacement?
Signs that the chain needs replacing include:
- Excessive chain elongation (use chain measurement tools to check; if it exceeds the manufacturer's specified length, replacement is necessary).
- Visible cracks or breaks in the chain.
- Significant wear or deformation between chain links.
- Noticeable increase in chain noise, especially during riding.
- Severe wear on the chain and sprocket teeth, leading to decreased transmission efficiency.
How often does the chain need to be replaced?
The replacement cycle of the chain depends on usage frequency, maintenance conditions, and riding environments. Generally, it is recommended to inspect chain wear every 10,000 to 15,000 kilometers. If significant elongation, wear, or damage is observed, the chain should be replaced promptly.
Who are we
Tycorun, a prominent player in the battery-swapping industry, specializes in developing and manufacturing battery swap station and lithium-ion batteries. The company aims to offer sustainable energy solutions for electric vehicles.
Tycorun has made significant inroads into the Chinese market, primarily targeting urban regions where the need for electric two-wheelers is substantial. The company consistently allocates resources to research and development to improve its battery technology and broaden its network of swapping stations.
The battery swapping stations created by Tycorun are both user-friendly and efficient. Their lithium-ion batteries are renowned for their high energy density and long-lasting performance, suitable for different models of electric two-wheelers.
Additionally, Tycorun offers comprehensive software solutions for monitoring and managing our batteries.
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Willow
Willow is a materials engineer with a Master’s degree in Materials Science and Engineering, specializing in lithium-ion battery materials and energy storage technologies.
Her work focuses on EV battery swapping solutions, battery innovation, and new energy industry trends, aiming to translate research insights into practical applications for sustainable transportation.
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